1999 Journals

Vol.3 No.1 Jan-Dec 1999
THE 1998 ANTIMICROBIAL RESISTANCE SURVEILLANCE DATA
Celia C. Carlos M.D. *

Resistance data for 18,297 isolates were reported and analyzed. The contributors were the Philippine general Hospital(PGH) – 8,298 (45%), National Kidney and Transplant Institute(NKI)- 1,917(11%), Rizal Medical Center (RMC)- 1,863 (10%), Research Institute for Tropical Medicine (RITM) – 1,618 (9%), Celestino Gallares Memorial Medical Center (GMH), Tagbilaran City- 1,213 (7%), Lung Center of the Philippines (LCP)- 777 (4%), San Lazaro Hospital (SLH) – 714 (4%), Zamboanga Medical Center (ZMC), Zamboanga City _619 (3%), Bureau of Research and Laboraties (BRL) – 511(3%), Far Eastern University Hospital (FEU) -226 (1%), Corazon Locsin Montelibano Memorial Regional Hospital (MMH), Bacolod City -212 (1%),Eastern Visayas Regional Medical Center (EVR), Tacloban City – 190 (1%), Santo Tomas University Hospital (UST) -139 (1%). The MMH and EVR started contributing data to the project from October 1998. Four STD clinics contributed data to the gonococal resistance surveillance, namely the Sta. Rosa, Laguna, Sucat, Bacolod City and tacloban City STD clinics.

A TEN YEAR REVIEW OF KAWASAKI DISEASE THE CHINESE GENERAL HOSPITAL EXPERIENCE
Doris Chua, M.D. *, Marissa Cueto-Velasco, M.D. *, Eleanor Galvez, M.D. *
Kawasaki disease, descriptive profile, Active Consultation, Department of Pediatrics, Chinese General Hospital Medical Center

Kawasaki disease presents with unusual features involving respiratory, gastrointestinal, urinary, cutaneous, skeletal and neurologic systems. This paper aims to describe the profile of Kawasaki disease patients in CGHMC. A total of 28 patients with Kawasaki disease from April 1988 to April 1999 were reviewed and analyzed using descriptive statistics from 3 months to 9 years with peak incidence among the less than 1 year old. Male to femail ratio of 1.15 : t. Polymorphous rash, conjunctival injection and cervical lymphadenopathy were the most common manifestations. Atyphical presentations which failed to meet the criteria set by the Center for Disease Control were noted in 21% of the study population. Hemolysis andvasomotor reactions were also observed in 2 patients given IVIG.

PREDICTORS OF BLEEDING (OTHER THAN PETECHIAE) IN CHILDREN WITH SEROLOGICALLY CONFIRMED DENGUE HEMORRHAGIC FEVER
Ma. Carmen Batacan-Nievera, M.D. *, Charissa Fay Corazon Borja–Tabora, M.D. *, Aguedo troy D. Gepte IV, M.D. *, Salvacion R. Gatchalian, M.D. *
Dengue hemorrhagic, dengue fever

Dengue infection, caused by one of four closely related virus serotypes of genus Flavivirus, ranks highly among newly emerging infectious disease in public health significance and is considered to be the most important arthropod-borne viral disease. According to the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, this is the most important tropical infectious disease after malaria, with an estimated 2.5 billion people living in areas at risk for epidemic transmission.
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OPEN LABELED, NON-COMPARATIVE TRIAL : SINGLE-DOSE INTRAMUSCULAR CEFTRAIZONE FOR UNCOMPLICATED ACUTE OTITIS MEDIA IN CHILDREN
Lulu C. Bravo *, Generoso Abes *, Yuri Castillo *, Edna Sunga -Mallorca *, Jeannette Marie Mastsuo *, Melfred Hernandez *
acute Otitis Media (AOM) Therapy, Single -Dose Ceftriaxone

Recently, several therapeutics options have been recommended in the management of otitis media. Compliance and efficacy have been the major concerns in children in the choice of antibiotics. This study evaluated the efficacy and safety of a 50mg/kg single-dose of intramuscular ceftriaxone for acute uncomplicated otitis media in children. In an open drug trial, 14 children, 1 males and 7 females with a mean age of 1.95 years of age range 5 months to 5 years, 50% of whom are less than 1 year of age seen at the Philippines General Hospital were included.
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TUBERCULIN TEST REACTIVITY OF SCHOOL CHILDREN ATTENDING A PUBLIC SCHOOL
Mary Ann G. Bunyi, M.D., Rosalinda B. Soriano, M.D. and Gerardo L. Beltran, M.D. *
Keywords: Tuberculin skin test

Abstract:
In an attempt to answer the following objectives: 1) to determine the effect of the following factors on tuberculin reactivity namely: state of nutrition number of BCG scars and history of exposure; 2) to correlate tuberculin reactivity with clinical manifestations and radiological findings in tuberculosis; 3) to be able to identify predictors of tuberculin reactivity; 4) to determine an appropriate cut-off size of PPD induration for a suspected TB infection, 185 schoolchildren randomly selected from Grade 2 to Grade 6 attending a public school were intradermally tested with 5 TU of PPD.

TISSUE ISOLATES IN THE BURN UNIT OF THE PHILIPPINE GENERAL HOSPITAL : A FIVE-YEAR REVIEW
Maria Teresa P. Fabre, M.D. *, Lulu C. Bravo, M.D. *

From January 1, 2994 to December 31,1998, tissue isolates taken intraoperatively done at the Microbiology Laboratory of the Philippine General Hospital (PGH) were reviewed with the objective of determining the microbiology ans sensitivity patterns of the different tissue isolates of patients admitted to the Burn Unit, Sensitivities of all isolates were done using the disc diffusion method. There were 281 isolates, 62 episodes (22%) of which were mixed cultures. Two hundred thirty two (82.6 %) were gram negative organisms while 48 (17%) were gram positive. There was one isolate of Candida spp. The top 3 gram negative organisms were Pseudomonas aeroginosa (31%), Enterbacterspp. (13%), and Klebsiella spp. (8%). Among the gram positive organisms, Staphylococcus accounted for 11 % of all isolates.
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MONOARTICULAR KNEE JOUNT INFLAMMATION IN A NEWBORN
Maria G. Balao-Litam, M.D.*

We have a fullterm baby girl, presenting with joint inflammation one day after hospital discharge where she was treated with intravenous antibiotics for sepsis neonatorum with necrotizing enterocolitis. Patient had no central lines nor history of trauma to the affected area. Joint tenderness and limitation of movement were prominent physical findings. Differential diagnosis include malignancies, rheumatoid arthritis, reactive arthritis, osteomyelitis and septic arthritis. Leukemia was unlikely because of normal abdominal findings and a normal QBC and different count. Rhematoid arthritis was not highly considered because of the large joint and monoarticular involvement, not to mention the very young age of the patient. Rhematoid arthritis usually is multiarticular, involves the fingers and joints and rarely starts in the knee. reactive arthritis usually occurs in patients with previous abdominal infection like shigella, salmonella but the arthritis improves in 7-10 days even without antibiotics.
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FEVER : PREDICTOR OF SEPSIS IN INFANTS LESS THAN TWO MONTHS OF AGE
Ma Ferminita J. Bertulfo, M.D., Emma P. Dominguez, M.D., Emma Abucejo, M.D., Socorro Lupisan, M.D., Beatrice Quiambao, M.D., Juanito Arcay, M.D., Vivina C. Chui, M.D.

Fever without an identifiable focus of infection in infants less than two months of age is often a dilemma to pediatricians. Some published studies revealed that it is associated with serious bacterial infection.
This study aimed to determine whether fever alone can be used as a single criterion to predict sepsis in infants less than two months of age.
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