2003 Journals

Vol.7 No.1 Jan-Dec 2003
A CROSS-SECTIONAL STUDY COMPARING THE NOSOCMIAL INFECTION RATES BEFORE AND AFTER THE IMPLEMENTATION OF COHORTING AMONG PEDIATRIC PATIENTS ADMITTED IN THE WARDS
Carina M. Frago, M.D. *, Cecilia C. Maramba-Untalan, M.D. *, Anna Lena Lopez, M.D. *., Delfin G. Cua, M.D.*, Xenia J. Fabay, M.D.*
Keywords: cohorting, nosocomial infection

Objectives: To determine if the implementation of cohorting lowered the nosocomial infection rate in the Pediatric Wards
Design: Retrospective cohort study.
Setting: Pediatric wards in a tertiary hospital.
Patients: All patients from 0 -17 years of age admitted in wards 9 and 11 from September 1, 2000 to August 2002.
Methods: Data on the nosocomial infection rates in Wards 9 and 11 were collected from September 1, 2000 to August 2001 when cohorting was net yet implemented and compared with the data from September 2001 to August 2002 during the implementation of cohorting. Statistical analysis is through Fisher’s exact test
| View Full Article in PDF format |

MULTIDRUG RESISTANT PSEUDOMONAS AERUGINOSA OUTBREAK IN NEONATAL INTENSIVE CARE UNIT OF PHILIPPINE GENERAL HOSPITAL
Marimel G. Reyes-Pagcatipunan, M.D. *, Anna Lena L. Lopez, M.D. *
Pseudomonas aeruginosa outbreak neonatal intensive care unit (NICU)

Background: For the past 3 years, the Neonatal Intensive Care Unit (NICU) of UP-PGH had Enterobacter, Klebsiella and Candida as the top hospital-acquired isolates. Pseudomonas aeruginosa isolates are usually low in occurrence or in a mixed culture with other organisms, and are considered contaminants. The occurrence of several fatal Pseudomonas aeruginosa infection in the NICU reported in June 2001 exhibiting antibiotypes resistant to all potentially active antibiotics warranted this investigation and interventional measures.
Patients and Methods: Upon notification of the cases, an interventional investigation was conduced. All cases with isolate of Pseudomonas aeruginosa were cohorted. Specimens of all babies admitted to the NICU 3B area were sent to the laboratory for isolated from a patient, the patient was transferred to the isolated from a patient, the patient was transferred to the cohort area until the demise or discharge. During the outbreak period the following interventions were performed: 1.) Training of entire health care team of Infection Control and Prevention. 2.) Recommendations on antibiotic regimens depending on the sensitivity pattern of the isolates.
| View Full Article in PDF format |

BURKHOLDERIA CEPACIA OUTBREAK IN THE PEDIATRICS WARDS OF THE PHILIPPINE GENERAL HOSPITAL
Jocyl B. Diola, M.D. *, Cecilia Maramba-Untalan, M.D. *
Keywords: Burkholderia cepacia, pediatric outbreak

Objectives: To describe an outbreak which occurred at the Pediatrics Wards of the Philippine General Hospital.
Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted at the Pediatric Wards of the Philippine General Hospital. Bacteriology records of all pediatric patients from August 2001 to October 2001 were reviewed for identification of all blood isolates of Burkholderia cepacia and medical records of those who were positive for the organism were likewise reviewed.
Results and Conclusion: Thirty-Five patients from the Pediatric Wards of the Philippine General Hospital grew Burkholderia cepacia in their blood from August to October 2001. Ages of cases ranged from 3 days old to 17 years old. Sepsis (74.3%) was the most common clinical presentation, followed by pneumonia (17.1%). Conditions found to be associated with Burkholderia cepacia infection were prolonged hospitalization (85%), malnutrinution (37.1%) malignancy (28.6%), and invasive procedures (25.7%). Most of the isolates were sensitive were Metopenem (100%), Imipenem (100%), Cefepime (100%), Piperacillin-Tazobactam (100%), Ciprofloxacin (100%), and Ceftazidime (97%). The isolates were highly resistant to Aminoglycosides, Aztreonam, and Ceftriazone. Fifty (50%) of patients given Ceftazidime and Piperacillin-Tazobactam did not show improvement and were shifted to other antibiotics.
| View Full Article in PDF format |

A COMPARATIVE STUDY BETWEEN DAILYSELD-ADMINISTERED AND THRICE WEEKLY DIRECTLY OBSERVED TREATMENT SHORT COURSE (DOTS) REGIMENS FOR THE TREATMENT OF PRIMARY TUBERCULOSIS IN CHILDREN IN SITIO PUTTING BATO, NAVOTAS
Catherine Pineda, M.D. *, Melecia Velmonte, M.D.*, and Charissa Tabora, M.D.*

Study Objective: To compare the effiicacy and compliance of therapy for tuberculosis in children using daily self administered treatment (SAT) versus intermittent thrice weekly dosing through the application of Directly observed Treatment Short Course (DOTS).
Design: Randomized Controlled Pilot Study
Setting: Sitio Putting Bato, Navotas.
Patients: Forty-three subjects with newly confirmed primary tuberculosis were randomized into two groups: 22 patients received intermittent treatment (DOTS). Both groups regimens received triple anti-tuberculosis medications consisting of Isoniazid, Rifampicin and Pyrazinamide for the first 2 months and Isoniazid and Rifampicin for succeeding 4 months.
| View Full Article in PDF format |

STOOL CULTURE ISOLATES OF PATIENTS WITH CHRONIC DIARRHEA ADMITTED AT A PRIVATE HOSPITAL FROM 1993-2002
Rhea Aureen Angeles, M.D. *
Keywords: Chronic diarrhea

Chronic diarrhea can be a disabling illness and reduce the quality of a patient’s life. In developing country like ours the most common cause of chronic diarrhea is infectious in origin and malnutrition is noted in 80% of patients.
Objectives: To identify the commonly isolated organism from stool culture of patients with chronic diarrhea admitted at a private institution from July 1992-July 2002.
Methodology: review of charts of 23 patients with diarrhea for more than 2 weeks evaluated by history, Physical examination and aided with laboratory examination.
Result: The evidence of chronic diarrhea clustered around the 1st year of life and most of the population were males, 65-78% of the populations have height and weight appropriate for age.
| View Full Article in PDF format |

IMMUNIZATION COVERAGE AND MISSED IMMUNIZATIONS AMONG 1-5 YEAR OLD PATIENTS SEEN AT CHONG HUA HOSPITAL
Jonathan G. Lim, M.D. *

Background: The Expanded Program on Immunization has been adopted worldwide. In spite of this, may children fail to be completely immunized thus increasing the risk for contracting a particular infectious disease and also increasing the number of susceptible individuals.
Objective: To determine the immunization coverage and reasons for missed immunizations among 1-5 year old patients at Chong Hua Hospital.
Study Design: Descriptive, cross-sectional survey.
Setting: The study was done at the Chong hua Hospital Emergency Room and in the rooms of the admitted subjects.
Methodology: Questionnaires were distributed to primary care takers who have brought with them the patients immunization record.
| View Full Article in PDF format |