2004 Journals

Vol.8 No.1 Jan-Dec 2004
CLINICAL PROFILE AND PREDICTORS OF OUTCOME OF PATIENTS WITH SALMONELLA TYPHI AND NON-TYPHOIDAL SALMONELLA BACTERMIA ADMITTED AT PHILPPINE CHILDREN MEDICAL CENTER
Gilda Sapphire D. Erguiza, M.D. *, Adelina Lourdes M. Yu, M.D. *, Eve G. Fernandez, MD Ma Anna P. Banez, M.D. *
Keywords: S. Typhi, Non-Typhoidal, Salmonella, bactermia, preditors

Objectives: This study aimed to analyze and review the clinical profile and predictors of outcome of Salmonella bacteremia specifically the prevalence of Salmonella bactermia at PCMC and to compare the S. typhibacteremia from non-typhoidal Salmonella with regards to demographic data of patients, clinical presentation, course of the disease, pattern of antibiotic resistance and outcome.
Methodology: This is restrospective study which included chart review of sixty-six subjects with Salmonella bacteremia from January 1998- September 2003.
Results/Conclusion: Thirty –seven had S. typhi bacteremia and 29 had non-thphoidal Salmonella. Results showed that non-typhoidal Salmonella bacteremia was more common for ages less than 2 years old. S. typhi was seen more in older age groups. Both were more common males. The most common symptoms was fever for both Salmonella.
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CLINICAL PROFILE AND OUTCOME OF TETANUS NEONATORUM: A PRELIMINARY REPORT
Nancy Nazaire-Bermal, M.D. *, Lulu C. Bravo, M.D. *

Tetanus neonatrum is still an important cause of morbidity and mortality in developing countries. Thirty six cases of neonatal tetanus admitted in 2 tertiary hospital in Metro Manila from January 19920July 1998 were reviewed. Patients were divided into two groups, first consisted of those who survived and the second were those patients who died. There was male predominance for both groups 65% and 60% respectively. Age on admission is significantly correlated to mortality. Patient less than 5 days old tend to have poorer prognosis. Other factors known to affect prognosis such as duration symptoms, place of delivery. Attendant at birth and maternal tetanus immunization seem not to correlated to prognosis.

OUTCOME OF PNEUMOCOCCAL MENNINGITIS IN CHILDREN TREATED WITH AMPICILLIN-CHLORAMPHENICOL AND A THIRD-GENERATION CEPHALOSPORIN
Carmina M. Arriola, M.D.*, Manny S. Sagana, M.D.*, Sheila S. Saguinsin, M.D.*, Agnes R. Viay, M.D. *, Mary Ann C. Bunyi, M.D. *
Keywords: outcome, pneumococcal meningitis

This study done to compare the outcome of patients with pneumococcal meningitis treated with Ampicillin-Chloramphenicol with those treated with a third-generation cephalosporin. Mortality rate and development of sequelae were likewise compared between treatment groups. Profile of patients with pneumococcal meningitis were described. Patients diagnosed with pneucoccal meningitis on CSF culture and treated with Ampicillicin-Chloramphenicol for 10-14 days or Cefoxtamin/Ceftriaxone at Philippine Children’s Medical Center between August 2003 were included in the study.
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KNOWLEDGE, ATTITUDES AND PRACTICES OF THE COMMUNITY REGARDING ANIMAL BITES AND RABIES
Maria Enervon Madrasto de Ramos, M.D. *, Lulu Carandang Bravo, M.D.*

Background: Rabies mortality ranks number ten in all infectious disease worldwide and the Philippine has been consistently among the top five countries in the world with 250 to 490 deaths reported yearly. Thus, rabies is one of the major public health problems in our country that needs to be addressed.
Objectives: This study describes the epidemiology of animal bites in the community and include the knowledge, attitudes and practices of the community with regard to animal bites and rabies.
Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted at the Out Patient Department of the Philiipine General Hospital. The respondents completed a questionnaire which included the purpose of the study and instruction for self administration.

RISK FACTORS ASSOCIATED WITH MEASLES PNEUMONIA
Maria Consuelo R. Enriquez, M.D. *

Objectives: To identify risk factors that will predict the occurrence of measles pneumonia among children with measles.
Method: This study utilized a retrospective cohort design. The study population consisted of all the measles patients admitted at the National Children’s Hospital from June 1, 1998 to June 30, 2000. Patients who developed pneumonia during their hospital stay were considered as cases while those who did not develop pneumonia served as controls. Absence of the outcome of interest (pneumonia) was ascertained by reviewing the admitting history. All subjects’ medical records were reviewed for the presence of the following variables: age, sex, immunization status, nutritional status, and the presence of previous infection.
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THE 2003 ANITMICROBIAL RESISTANCE SURVEILLANCE DATA
Celia C. Carlos, M.D.*

For 2003, resistance data for 24,112 isolates were reported and analyzed. There were 28% less isolates from the number reported in 2002. This was mainly due to the decrease in the number of bacterial isolates reported for 2003 from twelve sentinel sites, namely the Philippine General Hospital (PGH). Research Institute for Tropical Medicine (RITM), Baguio General Hospital and Medical Center (BGH), Eastern Visayas Regional Medical Center (EVR), Cotabato Regional Hospital and Medical Center (CMC), and Bicol Regional Teaching and Training Hospital (BRT), Lung Center of the Philippines (LCP), Vicente Sotto Memorial Medical Center (VCM), Zamboanga Medical Center (ZMC), Corazon Locsin Memorial Center (MMH), Davao Medical Center (DMC)
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